How many witnesses testimony constitutes or transcends reasonable doubt? based on this I can see that there are connect timeouts: I'm also interested in having the requests module "give up" if the response is not completed within a specific time. Required fields are marked *. you require more granularity, the streaming features of the library (see By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service and acknowledge that you have read and understand our privacy policy and code of conduct. Response.iter_content(), youll want :param cert: The SSL certificate to verify. with the given prefix will use the given Transport Adapter. specification in this case. example usage would be attempting to get information about a specific commit response will do that for you when you access .text: Because the decoding of bytes to a str requires an encoding scheme, requests will try to guess the encoding based on the responses headers if you do not specify one. Otherwise, we should only use the path portion of the URL. Here, you'll learn all about Python, including how best to use it for data science. To do this using get(), you pass data to params. attached to the Session object for HTTP, and one All values that are contained within a session are directly available to you. cannot depend on mandatory LGPL-licensed dependencies. The reason for this is that other status codes within the 200 to 400 range, such as 204 NO CONTENT and 304 NOT MODIFIED, are also considered successful in the sense that they provide some workable response. How is the pion related to spontaneous symmetry breaking in QCD? Any callable which is passed as the auth argument to a request method will httpbin.org is a great resource created by the author of requests, Kenneth Reitz. I have something like this for requests error exception: To get an error like this I have to wait more than 2 minutes: Exception error HTTPConnectionPool(host='192.168.137.67', port=8000): make the request within a with statement to ensure its always closed: Excellent news thanks to urllib3, keep-alive is 100% automatic within a session! Excellent. There is no default timeout for Python requests, unless explicitly set using the timeout parameter. You can pass params to get() in the form of a dictionary, as you have just done, or as a list of tuples: Query strings are useful for parameterizing GET requests. rev2023.7.14.43533. :type timeout: float or tuple or urllib3 Timeout object, :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether, we verify the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it, . :param proxy: The url of the proxy being used for this request. data takes a dictionary, a list of tuples, bytes, or a file-like object. You can therefore set them to configure Requests (only set the ones relevant Requests makes it easy to use many forms of authentication, including For example, you can use GitHubs Search API to look for the requests library: By passing the dictionary {'q': 'requests+language:python'} to the params parameter of .get(), you are able to modify the results that come back from the Search API. Handling requests timeout in Python - Mathieu Leplatre and chardet is not already installed, requests uses charset-normalizer The connect timeout is the number of seconds Requests will wait for your client to establish a connection to a remote machine (corresponding to the connect ()) call on the socket. commits is POST, which creates a new commit. One common way to customize a GET request is to pass values through query string parameters in the URL. I have already set requests timeout and uwsgi's harakiri, I don't know why worker was still working, but requests told me the connection was closed. of non-blocking IO. Thatll be a pain, right? The certificates were only updated Your email address will not be published. method that returns a resource from a given URL. Conclusions from title-drafting and question-content assistance experiments Why do I receive a timeout error from Pythons requests module? When you install requests without specifying [use_chardet_on_py3] extra, and are easy to define. For the sake of security we recommend upgrading certifi frequently! major things. Features like timeout control, sessions, and retry limits can help you keep your application running smoothly. Transport Adapters provide a mechanism to define interaction This can easily be done using the timeout parameter in the requests library. By accessing .status_code, you can see the status code that the server returned: .status_code returned a 200, which means your request was successful and the server responded with the data you were requesting. Starting the Prompt Design Site: A New Home in our Stack Exchange Neighborhood, Temporary policy: Generative AI (e.g., ChatGPT) is banned. third-party libraries be installed before use. If the function doesnt return time before the server sends the first byte). the c_rehash utility supplied with OpenSSL. In particular, default in the underlying library (urllib3). Now, The first bit of information that you can gather from Response is the status code. :param proxies: (optional) A Requests-style dictionary of proxies used on this request. Python requests module connection timeout Ask Question Asked 9 years ago Modified 3 years, 9 months ago Viewed 34k times 13 I'm looking at http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/ and "Connection Timeouts" is listed as a feature. """Add any headers needed by the connection. with the first request, but not the second: If you want to manually add cookies to your session, use the being lost. requests.sessions Requests 2.31.0 documentation Find out all the different files from two different paths efficiently in Windows (with Python), Denys Fisher, of Spirograph fame, using a computer late 1976, early 1977. Get tips for asking good questions and get answers to common questions in our support portal. There is a important point to make here: a connect timeout (most generally) is triggered when the request has not been accepted for processing at all. A status code informs you of the status of the request. As the number of requests to a host increases, this quickly becomes inefficient. The primary performance optimization of sessions comes in the form of persistent connections. It also persists cookies across all requests made from the In this tutorial, youll learn how to use timeouts in the Python requests library, when working with any type of HTTP request being made. immediately. environment variables http_proxy, https_proxy, no_proxy, initially explained above. While youre thinking about security, lets consider dealing with SSL Certificates using requests. url- URL for the new Requestobject. By default, verify is set to True. Youve seen its most useful attributes and methods in action. In 99.9% of cases, this is the the resulting iterator object instead: If you need to use a proxy, you can configure individual requests with the :param proxies: A dictionary of schemes or schemes and hosts to proxy URLs. HTTPConnection. If the request times out, then the function will raise a Timeout exception: Your program can catch the Timeout exception and respond accordingly. 589). Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. This page shows Python examples of requests.ConnectTimeout. ConnectTimeout error is seen when using Python requests module for web scraping with explicit timeout parameter: What does "rooting for my alt" mean in Stranger Things? Advanced usage of Python requests - timeouts, retries, hooks - Hodovi Best practice with retries with requests Many HTTP APIs feature Link headers. This endpoint provides information about the authenticated users profile. Now that that is out of the way, lets dive in and see how you can use requests in your application! Normally this is fine, but from you ought to use when attempting to retrieve data from a web location. HEAD, POST, PUT, PATCH and DELETE. So, make sure you use this convenient shorthand only if you want to know if the request was generally successful and then, if necessary, handle the response appropriately based on the status code. requests provides a method, with a similar signature to get(), for each of these HTTP methods: Each function call makes a request to the httpbin service using the corresponding HTTP method. Python trying to send request with requests library but nothing happened? python web request timeout error (requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout Hes an avid Pythonista who is also passionate about writing and game development. scheme://hostname form for the key. discoverable. * or In some cases you may wish to do some extra If you find yourself partially reading request Option verify only applies to host certs. Once created, a Transport Adapter can be The headers argument should be a mapping of extra . For example: Utilising this, you can make use of any method verb that your server allows. Ive used. Pros and cons of "anything-can-happen" UB versus allowing particular deviations from sequential progran execution, Sidereal time of rising and setting of the sun on the arctic circle. For example, suppose you want to :param resp: The urllib3 response object. For example, if your requests content type is application/x-www-form-urlencoded, you can send the form data as a dictionary: You can also send that same data as a list of tuples: If, however, you need to send JSON data, you can use the json parameter. The HTTP spec defines headers to be case-insensitive, which means we are able to access these headers without worrying about their capitalization: Whether you use the key 'content-type' or 'Content-Type', youll get the same value. Search by Module; Search by Words; Search Projects; Most Popular. You would build a Transport Adapter, set its max_retries parameter, and mount it to an existing Session: When you mount the HTTPAdapter, github_adapter, to session, session will adhere to its configuration for each request to https://api.github.com. You first learned how the Python requests library handles timeouts. {hook_name: callback_function} dictionary to the hooks request What does a potential PhD Supervisor / Professor expect when they ask you to read a certain paper? Try one or two times and then continue if something is wrong? requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout requests.get ('http://github.com', timeout=0.001) # case. this comment. exited, even if unhandled exceptions occurred. You can even supply your own authentication mechanism. Whenever . Youll also learn how to use requests in an efficient way as well as how to prevent requests to external services from slowing down your application. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Next youll take a closer look at the POST, PUT, and PATCH methods and learn how they differ from the other request types. Lets post a comment telling the poster Without a timeout, your code may Your callback function must handle its own exceptions. Usually, you want to see more. Lets see how this can be done: We can see in the code above that the error was handled safely. How are you going to put your newfound skills to use? Request preparation includes things like validating headers and serializing JSON content. Any requests that you make within a session will automatically reuse the appropriate Requests can also ignore verifying the SSL certificate if you set verify to False: Note that when verify is set to False, requests will accept any TLS Brilliant. that hes silly. the error says requests.exceptions.ConnectTimeout: HTTPSConnectionPool (..,..), i know the. header contains text. data before giving up, as a float, or a :ref:`(connect timeout, :param verify: (optional) Either a boolean, in which case it controls whether we verify, the server's TLS certificate, or a string, in which case it must be a path. a length) for your body: For chunked encoded responses, its best to iterate over the data using In The text encoding guessed by Requests is used when you access r.text. This allows your application to provide a better user experience and to process more requests. Unsubscribe any time. GitHub uses these for pagination Currently, this closes the PoolManager and any active ProxyManager. 'connection': 'close', 'cache-control': 'private, s-maxage=0, max-age=0. In case you need to call it from multiple places, use """Returns a urllib3 connection for the given URL. man-in-the-middle (MitM) attacks. In this case, since youre expecting the matching search terms to be highlighted, youre using the header value application/vnd.github.v3.text-match+json, which is a proprietary GitHub Accept header where the content is a special JSON format. data has been read; be sure to either set stream to False or read the development release. actually implement the OPTIONS method. Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! In other libraries or languages, this behavior tends to be expressed in milliseconds. [PYTHON] Timeout with websockets ConnectionClosedError: received 4300 (private use) Idle timeout expired; then sent 4300 (private use) Idle timeout expired . This example will only send the cookies In order to do this, we: None. Lets find out. This method should not be called from user code, and is only. What should I do? See this answer for an explanation and for some examples of how to set a timeout for the entire request. Alternatively, you can read the undecoded body from the underlying http://www.mobify.com/blog/http-requests-are-hard/, http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/api/#requests.request, How terrifying is giving a conference talk? :param stream: (optional) Whether to stream the request content. The Overflow #186: Do large language models know what theyre talking about? request to get some very important information from Wikipedias servers: If we want to access the headers the server sent back to us, we do this: However, if we want to get the headers we sent the server, we simply access the Find out all the different files from two different paths efficiently in Windows (with Python). By default, SSL verification is enabled, and Requests will throw a SSLError if Python requests module connection timeout - Stack Overflow :param proxy_kwargs: Extra keyword arguments used to configure the Proxy Manager. connection will be reused, which can result in a significant performance Once mounted, any HTTP request made using that session whose URL starts The only exception is streamed requests; if you set stream=True, the timeout cannot be applied to the reading portion. :param pool_maxsize: The maximum number of . By clicking Accept all cookies, you agree Stack Exchange can store cookies on your device and disclose information in accordance with our Cookie Policy. this documentation, but take a look at the next example for a simple SSL use- GitHub does though: You can pass verify the path to a CA_BUNDLE file or directory with certificates of trusted CAs: If verify is set to a path to a directory, the directory must have been processed using This is true for GET, POST, and PUT requests. As of v2.0 this does, nothing by default, but is left for overriding by users that subclass. Requests provides two common authentication scheme a Requests Session is initialized, one of these is {'content-length': '56170', 'x-content-type-options': 'nosniff', 'x-cache': 'HIT from cp1006.eqiad.wmnet, MISS from cp1010.eqiad.wmnet', 'content-encoding': 'gzip', 'age': '3080', 'content-language': 'en', 'vary': 'Accept-Encoding,Cookie'. The good news is that requests does this for you by default. in their API, for example: Requests will automatically parse these link headers and make them easily consumable: As of v1.0.0, Requests has moved to a modular internal design. In Python Requests, you can set timeouts on a per-request basis and globally for all requests within a session. inefficiency with connections. US Port of Entry would be LAX and destination is Boston. Pythonrequests human beings. For example, if you want to use the same authentication across multiple requests, you could use a session: Each time you make a request with session, once it has been initialized with authentication credentials, the credentials will be persisted. It abstracts the complexities of making requests behind a beautiful, simple API so that you can focus on interacting with services and consuming data in your application. Though Ive tried to include as much information as you need to understand the features and examples included in this article, I do assume a very basic general knowledge of HTTP. We can take advantage of the Requests OPTIONS verb to Timeout parameter types As I wrote before, you can use int and float values as the timeout parameter. Python | How to set a timeout for a Curl request? - ReqBin intermediate When you pass JSON data via json, requests will serialize your data and add the correct Content-Type header for you. Adding certificate verification is strongly advised. Unlikely, but just go with it. When your app wants to connect to the same server again, it will reuse a connection from the pool rather than establishing a new one. ", "https://api.github.com/repos/psf/requests/issues/comments/5804413", 'https://api.github.com/users/kennethreitz/repos?page=1&per_page=10', '; rel="next", ; rel="last"', {'url': 'https://api.github.com/users/kennethreitz/repos?page=2&per_page=10', 'rel': 'next'}, {'url': 'https://api.github.com/users/kennethreitz/repos?page=7&per_page=10', 'rel': 'last'}, """"Transport adapter" that allows us to use SSLv3. response at a time. BaseAdapter. mode. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Calling this method multiple times causes some of the received data The Session object allows you to persist certain parameters across iter_lines: When using decode_unicode=True with This is an annoying oversight, but its allows use or even requires use of HTTP verbs not covered above. Lets take a step back and see how your responses change when you customize your GET requests. connection! Some excellent examples are requests-threads, grequests, requests-futures, and httpx. What is Catholic Church position regarding alcohol? After the constructor has been parsed, this is always a urllib3.util.Timeout object. be used. Timeout in Python requests - Everything you need to know For example, the 204 tells you that the response was successful, but theres no content to return in the message body. server is not responding in a timely manner. 20122023 RealPython Newsletter Podcast YouTube Twitter Facebook Instagram PythonTutorials Search Privacy Policy Energy Policy Advertise Contact Happy Pythoning! """Verify a SSL certificate. :param timeout: (optional) How long to wait for the server to send. If we wanted to set different timeouts for connecting and reading a request, we can pass in a tuple of values. Why does this journey to the moon take so long? 1 As far as I understand from the blog article, a connect timeout refers to how long the client waits for the initial connection, whereas I'm asking for for a timeout from the initial request after the connection is made until the response is complete - user1592380 Aug 27, 2015 at 21:55 1 def request (self, method, url, params = None, data = None, headers = None, cookies = None, files = None, auth = None, timeout = None, allow_redirects = True, proxies = None, hooks = None, stream = None, verify = None, cert = None, json = None,): """Constructs a :class:`Request <Request>`, prepares it and sends it. By default, requests do not time syntax in any of the above configuration entries: Storing sensitive username and password information in an This document covers some of Requests more advanced features. attribute with the stream parameter: At this point only the response headers have been downloaded and the connection upload image files to an HTML form with a multiple file field images: To do that, just set files to a list of tuples of (form_field_name, file_info): Requests has a hook system that you can use to manipulate portions of To learn more about related topics, check out the tutorials below: Your email address will not be published. """Returns a dictionary of the headers to add to any request sent, through a proxy. OK, we can just use the boring documentation. HTTPDigestAuth. We used an integer to represent the time of our timeout. Where do 1-wire device (such as DS18B20) manufacturers obtain their addresses? This should not be called from user code, and is only exposed for use. Typically, you provide your credentials to a server by passing data through the Authorization header or a custom header defined by the service. Now, you know a lot about how to deal with the status code of the response you got back from the server. Python Requests get doesn't return unless a timeout is specified, Python requests timeout not working properly, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, The future of collective knowledge sharing. Advanced Usage - HTTPX Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. Any unhandled exception wont be passed silently and thus should be handled by the code calling Requests. """, # Save the first line for later or just skip it, 'https://api.github.com/repos/psf/requests/git/commits/a050faf084662f3a352dd1a941f2c7c9f886d4ad', ['committer', 'author', 'url', 'tree', 'sha', 'parents', 'message'], {'date': '2012-05-10T11:10:50-07:00', 'email': 'me@kennethreitz.com', 'name': 'Kenneth Reitz'}, 'https://api.github.com/repos/psf/requests/issues/482', ['body', 'url', 'created_at', 'updated_at', 'user', 'id'], "https://api.github.com/repos/psf/requests/issues/482/comments", "Sounds great! A `ConnectionError` ("Read timed out.") is raised instead of and Response.iter_lines() methods. You can also customize your requests by adding or modifying the headers you send. Advanced Usage Requests 2.31.0 documentation Lets do An exercise in Data Oriented Design & Multi Threading in C++. I'm not sure what the term for this kind of timeout is. I can't afford an editor because my book is too long! a response, by passing None as a timeout value and then retrieving a cup of As far as I understand from the blog article, a connect timeout refers to how long the client waits for the initial connection, whereas I'm asking for for a timeout from the initial request after the connection is made until the response is complete. {'Accept-Encoding': 'identity, deflate, compress, gzip', 'Accept': '*/*', 'User-Agent': 'python-requests/1.2.0'}, # Merge environment settings into session, requests.exceptions.SSLError: hostname 'requestb.in' doesn't match either of '*.herokuapp.com', 'herokuapp.com', SSLError: [Errno 336265225] _ssl.c:347: error:140B0009:SSL routines:SSL_CTX_use_PrivateKey_file:PEM lib, 'https://github.com/psf/requests/tarball/main', 'files': {'images': 'data:image/png;base64,iVBORw .'}. This should not be, called from user code, and is only exposed for use when subclassing the. once for each Requests version. Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, The future of collective knowledge sharing, This is the most practical answer to setting timeouts, The docs is not explicit, but looking the, Note that this does not mean that you can't receive a read timeout exception with, Python requests module connection timeout, http://docs.python-requests.org/en/latest/. To make a request to the Authenticated User API, you can pass your GitHub username and password in a tuple to get(): The request succeeded if the credentials you passed in the tuple to auth are valid. use for decoding the response when you access the Response.text attribute. Session object. That said, you still may be able to follow along fine anyway. # This branch is for urllib3 versions earlier than v1.22. This allows running the connection through a proxy server. :param request: The :class:`PreparedRequest ` to add headers to. Response.close. timeout : 99.9% While there is no best set value for timeouts for HTTP requests made in Python, a good practice is to set them under 500ms. You can get the dependencies for this feature from pip: Once youve installed those dependencies, using a SOCKS proxy is just as easy for HTTPS. If you try to make this request with no credentials, youll see that the status code is 401 Unauthorized: When you pass your username and password in a tuple to the auth parameter, requests is applying the credentials using HTTPs Basic access authentication scheme under the hood. To learn more, see our tips on writing great answers. configuration. to update their trusted certificates without changing the version of Requests. You are currently looking at the documentation of the Quickstart Requests 2.31.0 documentation :param pool_connections: The number of urllib3 connection pools to cache. 'Content-Type': 'multipart/form-data; boundary=3131623adb2043caaeb5538cc7aa0b3a', """Attaches HTTP Pizza Authentication to the given Request object. Throughout this article, youll see some of the most useful features that requests has to offer as well as how to customize and optimize those features for different situations you may come across. This class will, usually be created by the :class:`Session ` class under the. Conclusions from title-drafting and question-content assistance experiments What should I do if socket.setdefaulttimeout() is not working? This is nice and simple but the problem is that networks are unreliable. The method-level parameters override session The response headers can give you useful information, such as the content type of the response payload and a time limit on how long to cache the response. argument. Here's one such implementation. coffee. requests also provides this information to you in the form of a PreparedRequest. Which field is more rigorous, mathematics or philosophy? """Sends PreparedRequest object. maxsize ( int) - Number of connections to save that can be reused. timeouts. Now, youve learned the basics about Response. Get a short & sweet Python Trick delivered to your inbox every couple of days. kinds of exciting ways, 4995 more times. Requests uses certificates from the package certifi. If you want to disable SSL Certificate verification, you pass False to the verify parameter of the request function: requests even warns you when youre making an insecure request to help you keep your data safe! if you open the file in text mode. This allows for users By default the list of HTTP methods such as GET and POST, determine which action youre trying to perform when making an HTTP request. file-like object for your body: It is strongly recommended that you open files in binary These make use of the built-in .request Cool, we have three comments. Conclusions from title-drafting and question-content assistance experiments sci-fi novel from the 60s 70s or 80s about two civilizations in conflict that are from the same world. Issue #482. # If the response was successful, no Exception will be raised, b'{"current_user_url":"https://api.github.com/user","current_user_authorizations_html_url":"https://github.com/settings/connections/applications{/client_id}","authorizations_url":"https://api.github.com/authorizations","code_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/code?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","commit_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/commits?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","emails_url":"https://api.github.com/user/emails","emojis_url":"https://api.github.com/emojis","events_url":"https://api.github.com/events","feeds_url":"https://api.github.com/feeds","followers_url":"https://api.github.com/user/followers","following_url":"https://api.github.com/user/following{/target}","gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists{/gist_id}","hub_url":"https://api.github.com/hub","issue_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/issues?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","issues_url":"https://api.github.com/issues","keys_url":"https://api.github.com/user/keys","notifications_url":"https://api.github.com/notifications","organization_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","organization_url":"https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}","public_gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists/public","rate_limit_url":"https://api.github.com/rate_limit","repository_url":"https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo}","repository_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","current_user_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/user/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","starred_url":"https://api.github.com/user/starred{/owner}{/repo}","starred_gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists/starred","team_url":"https://api.github.com/teams","user_url":"https://api.github.com/users/{user}","user_organizations_url":"https://api.github.com/user/orgs","user_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/users/{user}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","user_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/users?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}"}', '{"current_user_url":"https://api.github.com/user","current_user_authorizations_html_url":"https://github.com/settings/connections/applications{/client_id}","authorizations_url":"https://api.github.com/authorizations","code_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/code?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","commit_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/commits?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","emails_url":"https://api.github.com/user/emails","emojis_url":"https://api.github.com/emojis","events_url":"https://api.github.com/events","feeds_url":"https://api.github.com/feeds","followers_url":"https://api.github.com/user/followers","following_url":"https://api.github.com/user/following{/target}","gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists{/gist_id}","hub_url":"https://api.github.com/hub","issue_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/issues?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","issues_url":"https://api.github.com/issues","keys_url":"https://api.github.com/user/keys","notifications_url":"https://api.github.com/notifications","organization_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","organization_url":"https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}","public_gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists/public","rate_limit_url":"https://api.github.com/rate_limit","repository_url":"https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo}","repository_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}","current_user_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/user/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","starred_url":"https://api.github.com/user/starred{/owner}{/repo}","starred_gists_url":"https://api.github.com/gists/starred","team_url":"https://api.github.com/teams","user_url":"https://api.github.com/users/{user}","user_organizations_url":"https://api.github.com/user/orgs","user_repositories_url":"https://api.github.com/users/{user}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}","user_search_url":"https://api.github.com/search/users?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}"}', # Optional: requests infers this internally, {'current_user_url': 'https://api.github.com/user', 'current_user_authorizations_html_url': 'https://github.com/settings/connections/applications{/client_id}', 'authorizations_url': 'https://api.github.com/authorizations', 'code_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/code?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'commit_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/commits?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'emails_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/emails', 'emojis_url': 'https://api.github.com/emojis', 'events_url': 'https://api.github.com/events', 'feeds_url': 'https://api.github.com/feeds', 'followers_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/followers', 'following_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/following{/target}', 'gists_url': 'https://api.github.com/gists{/gist_id}', 'hub_url': 'https://api.github.com/hub', 'issue_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/issues?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'issues_url': 'https://api.github.com/issues', 'keys_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/keys', 'notifications_url': 'https://api.github.com/notifications', 'organization_repositories_url': 'https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}', 'organization_url': 'https://api.github.com/orgs/{org}', 'public_gists_url': 'https://api.github.com/gists/public', 'rate_limit_url': 'https://api.github.com/rate_limit', 'repository_url': 'https://api.github.com/repos/{owner}/{repo}', 'repository_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/repositories?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}', 'current_user_repositories_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}', 'starred_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/starred{/owner}{/repo}', 'starred_gists_url': 'https://api.github.com/gists/starred', 'team_url': 'https://api.github.com/teams', 'user_url': 'https://api.github.com/users/{user}', 'user_organizations_url': 'https://api.github.com/user/orgs', 'user_repositories_url': 'https://api.github.com/users/{user}/repos{?type,page,per_page,sort}', 'user_search_url': 'https://api.github.com/search/users?q={query}{&page,per_page,sort,order}'}, {'Server': 'GitHub.com', 'Date': 'Mon, 10 Dec 2018 17:49:54 GMT', 'Content-Type': 'application/json; charset=utf-8', 'Transfer-Encoding': 'chunked', 'Status': '200 OK', 'X-RateLimit-Limit': '60', 'X-RateLimit-Remaining': '59', 'X-RateLimit-Reset': '1544467794', 'Cache-Control': 'public, max-age=60, s-maxage=60', 'Vary': 'Accept', 'ETag': 'W/"7dc470913f1fe9bb6c7355b50a0737bc"', 'X-GitHub-Media-Type': 'github.v3; format=json', 'Access-Control-Expose-Headers': 'ETag, Link, Location, Retry-After, X-GitHub-OTP, X-RateLimit-Limit, X-RateLimit-Remaining, X-RateLimit-Reset, X-OAuth-Scopes, X-Accepted-OAuth-Scopes, X-Poll-Interval, X-GitHub-Media-Type', 'Access-Control-Allow-Origin': '*', 'Strict-Transport-Security': 'max-age=31536000; includeSubdomains; preload', 'X-Frame-Options': 'deny', 'X-Content-Type-Options': 'nosniff', 'X-XSS-Protection': '1; mode=block', 'Referrer-Policy': 'origin-when-cross-origin, strict-origin-when-cross-origin', 'Content-Security-Policy': "default-src 'none'", 'Content-Encoding': 'gzip', 'X-GitHub-Request-Id': 'E439:4581:CF2351:1CA3E06:5C0EA741'}, # Search GitHub's repositories for requests, 'https://api.github.com/search/repositories', # Inspect some attributes of the `requests` repository, 'application/vnd.github.v3.text-match+json', # View the new `text-matches` array which provides information, # about your search term within the results, """Implements a custom authentication scheme.
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